https://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&feed=atom&action=historyAir quality - Revision history2024-03-28T21:08:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.35.1https://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=4241&oldid=prevRabiabonour at 20:16, 31 May 20172017-05-31T20:16:45Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most California transit agencies have had to modernize their buses for some degree because of the California Air Resources Board’s Fleet Rule. For example, transit agencies in California are required to replace vehicles early beginning in 2015 and as of January 2012, must add particulate matter filters to buses.<ref>California Air Resources Board.[http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/bus/bus.htm “Public Transit Agencies.”] 2011.</ref> But many transit agencies have exceeded these expectations because they see modernizing their vehicle fleets as a part of their mission to improve air quality and reduce their dependence on volatile and expensive traditional gasoline and diesel fuel. Los Angeles’ Metropolitan Transportation Authority switched many of its buses to compressed natural gas (CNG) in 2005, and retired its last diesel bus in 2011.<ref> Metropolitan Transportation Authority. [http://www.metro.net/news/simple_pr/metro-retires-last-diesel-bus/ “Metro Retires Last Diesel Bus, Becomes World’s First Major Transit Agency to Operate Only Clean Fuel buses.”] 2011.</ref> An alternative to retiring buses is retrofitting them. Because diesel fuel is also a major contributor to particulate matter in the air, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) worked together to support Bay Area transit agencies in retrofitting buses with filters that capture 85 percent of diesel exhaust particulate matter.<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission and Bay Area Air Quality Management District. [[media:MTC_Retrofits.pdf|"Bus Filters Remove Tons of Soot from Bay Area Air."]] 2006.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most California transit agencies have had to modernize their buses for some degree because of the California Air Resources Board’s Fleet Rule. For example, transit agencies in California are required to replace vehicles early beginning in 2015 and as of January 2012, must add particulate matter filters to buses.<ref>California Air Resources Board.[http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/bus/bus.htm “Public Transit Agencies.”] 2011.</ref> But many transit agencies have exceeded these expectations because they see modernizing their vehicle fleets as a part of their mission to improve air quality and reduce their dependence on volatile and expensive traditional gasoline and diesel fuel. Los Angeles’ Metropolitan Transportation Authority switched many of its buses to compressed natural gas (CNG) in 2005, and retired its last diesel bus in 2011.<ref> Metropolitan Transportation Authority. [http://www.metro.net/news/simple_pr/metro-retires-last-diesel-bus/ “Metro Retires Last Diesel Bus, Becomes World’s First Major Transit Agency to Operate Only Clean Fuel buses.”] 2011.</ref> An alternative to retiring buses is retrofitting them. Because diesel fuel is also a major contributor to particulate matter in the air, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) worked together to support Bay Area transit agencies in retrofitting buses with filters that capture 85 percent of diesel exhaust particulate matter.<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission and Bay Area Air Quality Management District. [[media:MTC_Retrofits.pdf|"Bus Filters Remove Tons of Soot from Bay Area Air."]] 2006.</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Important Policies==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Important Policies==</div></td></tr>
</table>Rabiabonourhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=4240&oldid=prevRabiabonour: /* Additional Reading */2017-05-31T20:16:23Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Additional Reading</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Additional Reading==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Additional Reading==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[media:OrangeLine_GHGs</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pdf|</del>“Metro Orange Line Mode Shift Study and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis.”]] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2011.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[media:OrangeLine_GHGs.pdf|</ins>Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(2011)</ins>. “Metro Orange Line Mode Shift Study and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis.”]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: When Los Angeles Metro built its Orange Line [[bus rapid transit]] line, it included a bikeway and other facilities for bicyclists alongside the dedicated lane. The purpose of this study was to establish the benefits of that bikeway in terms of greenhouse gas emissions avoided. The bikeway was created in order to complement the busway and both have exceeded expectations in terms of use. Bicycle facilities are an important tool that transit agencies have for pursuing sustainability and promoting public health and this study offers one example of quantifying these benefits. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: When Los Angeles Metro built its Orange Line [[bus rapid transit]] line, it included a bikeway and other facilities for bicyclists alongside the dedicated lane. The purpose of this study was to establish the benefits of that bikeway in terms of greenhouse gas emissions avoided. The bikeway was created in order to complement the busway and both have exceeded expectations in terms of use. Bicycle facilities are an important tool that transit agencies have for pursuing sustainability and promoting public health and this study offers one example of quantifying these benefits. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[http://www.epa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/generalinfo.htm <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Environmental Protection Agency. </ins>“Transportation Conformity: General Information.”]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Environmental Protection Agency. </del>[http://www.epa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/generalinfo.htm “Transportation Conformity: General Information.”]</div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide from the EPA provides links to a guide for understanding the transportation conformity process, along with resources for technical assistance, and a guide for state and local officials. It also includes a report with case studies of cities implementing the conformity requirements through the 1990s, including San Francisco. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide from the EPA provides links to a guide for understanding the transportation conformity process, along with resources for technical assistance, and a guide for state and local officials. It also includes a report with case studies of cities implementing the conformity requirements through the 1990s, including San Francisco. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/documents/rrpapp.htm <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board. (2000). </ins>“Final Diesel Risk Reduction Plan with Appendices.”]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board. </del>[http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/documents/rrpapp.htm “Final Diesel Risk Reduction Plan with Appendices.”] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2000.</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This report from the California Air Resources Board outlines some strategies for reducing the particulate matter in the state’s air. It describes the risks and strategies from a variety of diesel engine types (stationary, and mobile engines in school buses, transit buses, and trucks). However, transit providers may be interested in the report because it includes a summary of existing policies governing diesel engines, methodology for measuring particulate matter, and reviews of technologies for reducing particulate matter. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This report from the California Air Resources Board outlines some strategies for reducing the particulate matter in the state’s air. It describes the risks and strategies from a variety of diesel engine types (stationary, and mobile engines in school buses, transit buses, and trucks). However, transit providers may be interested in the report because it includes a summary of existing policies governing diesel engines, methodology for measuring particulate matter, and reviews of technologies for reducing particulate matter. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[media:MTC_Guide.pdf|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Metropolitan Transportation Commission. (2009). </ins>“Transportation, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gases: A Bay Area Resource Guide.”]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Metropolitan Transportation Commission. </del>[[media:MTC_Guide.pdf|“Transportation, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gases: A Bay Area Resource Guide.”]] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2009.</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Transit and Public Health]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Transit and Public Health]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Rabiabonourhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=2364&oldid=prevBK: moved photo to p2015-04-24T01:33:51Z<p>moved photo to p</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 01:33, 24 April 2015</td>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:ZEBusRibbonCutting.jpg|right|thumb|350px|This is the ribbon-cutting ceremony for San Jose's newest zero-emissions bus. Photo by Flickr user congressman_honda.]] </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Introduction==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Introduction==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Public transit can have an effect on human health by reducing air pollution created by trips taken by private automobiles. The emissions from cars contribute to asthma, cancer, and other diseases. This pollution also has serious implications for equity, as a growing body of evidence demonstrates that low-income people, more likely to live near heavily traveled highways, are disproportionately impacted by these diseases. Emissions from vehicles of all types also have implications for climate change, which ultimately has an effect on human health by raising temperatures and causing or exacerbating extreme weather events.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Public transit can have an effect on human health by reducing air pollution created by trips taken by private automobiles. The emissions from cars contribute to asthma, cancer, and other diseases. This pollution also has serious implications for equity, as a growing body of evidence demonstrates that low-income people, more likely to live near heavily traveled highways, are disproportionately impacted by these diseases. Emissions from vehicles of all types also have implications for climate change, which ultimately has an effect on human health by raising temperatures and causing or exacerbating extreme weather events.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:ZEBusRibbonCutting.jpg|right|thumb|350px|This is the ribbon-cutting ceremony for San Jose's newest zero-emissions bus. Photo by Flickr user congressman_honda.]] </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td></tr>
</table>BKhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1311&oldid=prevDzhao at 04:15, 11 April 20132013-04-11T04:15:19Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Public Health]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Transit and </ins>Public Health]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Dzhaohttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1235&oldid=prevAmiller: /* Increasing Ridership */2012-09-11T21:20:26Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Increasing Ridership</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:20, 11 September 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Increasing Ridership===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Increasing Ridership===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Transit agencies have an interest in increasing ridership for cost-effectiveness reasons - serving more passengers per vehicle mile, for example. But environmental agencies and regional governments rely on public transit as an alternative to the single-occupant vehicle as a strategy for reaching air quality goals. However, studies conducted by transit agencies on their work’s effect on air quality were not readily available, possibly because those agencies are charged with many other responsibilities and do not have resources to produce independent studies. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, though, recommend expanding public transportation as one of its eight transportation policies that could drastically improve public health. The CDC also offers a toolkit to aid planners and decisionmakers in conducting health impact assessments to measure the benefits and costs for health of transportation projects.<ref>Centers for Disease Control. [http://www.cdc.gov/transportation/recommendation.htm CDC Transportation Recommendations.] 2010.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Transit agencies have an interest in increasing ridership for cost-effectiveness reasons - serving more passengers per vehicle mile, for example. But environmental agencies and regional governments rely on public transit as an alternative to the single-occupant vehicle as a strategy for reaching air quality goals. However, studies conducted by transit agencies on their work’s effect on air quality were not readily available, possibly because those agencies are charged with many other responsibilities and do not have resources to produce independent studies. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, though, recommend expanding public transportation as one of its eight transportation policies that could drastically improve public health. The CDC also offers a toolkit to aid planners and decisionmakers in conducting health impact assessments to measure the benefits and costs for health of transportation projects.<ref>Centers for Disease Control <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and Prevention</ins>. [http://www.cdc.gov/transportation/recommendation.htm <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>CDC Transportation Recommendations.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>] 2010.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td></tr>
</table>Amillerhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1234&oldid=prevAmiller: /* Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) */2012-09-11T21:19:44Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the interest of attaining federal air quality standards, every four years, or when a regionally significant project is approved, regions across the country must prepare a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP must be approved first by the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) where the non-attainment area is located, then by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA).<ref>Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration. [http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/briefingbook/bbook.htm The Transportation Planning Process; A Briefing Book for Transportaiton Planning Decisionmakers, Officials, and Staff.”] 2007.</ref> When a planning agency develops a new Regional Transportation Plan (RTP), they must prepare a conformity analysis to demonstrate that the transportation plans meet air quality standards and do not exceed the ‘budget’ of emissions allocated to the area by the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP).<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_TIP_Conformity_Report.pdf|”Transportation-Air Quality Conformity Analysis for the Transportation 2035 Plan and 2011 Transportation Improvement Program.”]] 2010.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the interest of attaining federal air quality standards, every four years, or when a regionally significant project is approved, regions across the country must prepare a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP must be approved first by the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) where the non-attainment area is located, then by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA).<ref>Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration. [http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/briefingbook/bbook.htm <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"</ins>The Transportation Planning Process; A Briefing Book for Transportaiton Planning Decisionmakers, Officials, and Staff.”] 2007.</ref> When a planning agency develops a new Regional Transportation Plan (RTP), they must prepare a conformity analysis to demonstrate that the transportation plans meet air quality standards and do not exceed the ‘budget’ of emissions allocated to the area by the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP).<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_TIP_Conformity_Report.pdf|”Transportation-Air Quality Conformity Analysis for the Transportation 2035 Plan and 2011 Transportation Improvement Program.”]] 2010.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Proposition 1B (California)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Proposition 1B (California)===</div></td></tr>
</table>Amillerhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1233&oldid=prevAmiller: /* Important Policies */2012-09-11T21:19:16Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Important Policies</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the interest of attaining federal air quality standards, every four years, or when a regionally significant project is approved, regions across the country must prepare a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP must be approved first by the metropolitan planning organization where the non-attainment area is located, then by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA).<ref>Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration. [http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/briefingbook/bbook.htm The Transportation Planning Process; A Briefing Book for Transportaiton Planning Decisionmakers, Officials, and Staff.”] 2007.</ref> When a planning agency develops a new Regional Transportation Plan (RTP), they must <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">also </del>prepare a conformity analysis to demonstrate that the transportation plans meet air quality standards and do not exceed the ‘budget’ of emissions allocated to the area by the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP).<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_TIP_Conformity_Report.pdf|”Transportation-Air Quality Conformity Analysis for the Transportation 2035 Plan and 2011 Transportation Improvement Program.”]] 2010.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the interest of attaining federal air quality standards, every four years, or when a regionally significant project is approved, regions across the country must prepare a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP must be approved first by the metropolitan planning organization <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(MPO) </ins>where the non-attainment area is located, then by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA).<ref>Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration. [http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/briefingbook/bbook.htm The Transportation Planning Process; A Briefing Book for Transportaiton Planning Decisionmakers, Officials, and Staff.”] 2007.</ref> When a planning agency develops a new Regional Transportation Plan (RTP), they must prepare a conformity analysis to demonstrate that the transportation plans meet air quality standards and do not exceed the ‘budget’ of emissions allocated to the area by the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP).<ref>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_TIP_Conformity_Report.pdf|”Transportation-Air Quality Conformity Analysis for the Transportation 2035 Plan and 2011 Transportation Improvement Program.”]] 2010.</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Proposition 1B (California)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Proposition 1B (California)===</div></td></tr>
</table>Amillerhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1232&oldid=prevAmiller: /* Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality standards (CMAQ) */2012-09-11T21:17:37Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality standards (CMAQ)</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Important Policies==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Important Policies==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality standards (CMAQ)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality standards (CMAQ)===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Air quality and public transit are linked in many ways, but one of the most direct connections made by any agency is through the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) standards. CMAQ provides a source of funding to states with air quality that does not meet the Clean Air Act’s air quality standards - this funding can be used for public transit projects and is distributed through the state’s department of transportation.These funds may be used by transit agencies to provide new service, to expand public transit service, and/or to provide incentives to use existing services.<ref>Federal Highway Administration. [http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/air_quality/cmaq/reference/public_transportation/ “Air Quality.”] 2005.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Air quality and public transit are linked in many ways, but one of the most direct connections made by any agency is through the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) standards. CMAQ provides a source of funding to states with air quality that does not meet the Clean Air Act’s air quality standards - this funding can be used for public transit projects and is distributed through the state’s department of transportation. These funds may be used by transit agencies to provide new service, to expand public transit service, and/or to provide incentives to use existing services.<ref>Federal Highway Administration. [http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/air_quality/cmaq/reference/public_transportation/ “Air Quality.”] 2005.</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)===</div></td></tr>
</table>Amillerhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1231&oldid=prevAmiller: /* Increasing Ridership */2012-09-11T21:15:42Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Increasing Ridership</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:15, 11 September 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Strategies for Improving Air Quality==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Increasing Ridership===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Increasing Ridership===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Transit agencies have an interest in increasing ridership for cost-effectiveness reasons - serving more passengers per vehicle mile, for example. But environmental agencies and regional governments rely on public transit as an alternative to the single-occupant vehicle as a strategy for reaching air quality goals. However, studies conducted by transit agencies on their work’s effect on air quality were not readily available, possibly because those agencies are charged with many other responsibilities and do not have resources to produce independent studies. The Centers for Disease Control, though, recommend expanding public transportation as one of its eight transportation policies that could drastically improve public health. The CDC also offers a toolkit to aid planners and decisionmakers in conducting health impact assessments to measure the benefits and costs for health of transportation projects.<ref>Centers for Disease Control. [http://www.cdc.gov/transportation/recommendation.htm CDC Transportation Recommendations.] 2010.</ref> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Transit agencies have an interest in increasing ridership for cost-effectiveness reasons - serving more passengers per vehicle mile, for example. But environmental agencies and regional governments rely on public transit as an alternative to the single-occupant vehicle as a strategy for reaching air quality goals. However, studies conducted by transit agencies on their work’s effect on air quality were not readily available, possibly because those agencies are charged with many other responsibilities and do not have resources to produce independent studies. The Centers for Disease Control <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and Prevention</ins>, though, recommend expanding public transportation as one of its eight transportation policies that could drastically improve public health. The CDC also offers a toolkit to aid planners and decisionmakers in conducting health impact assessments to measure the benefits and costs for health of transportation projects.<ref>Centers for Disease Control. [http://www.cdc.gov/transportation/recommendation.htm CDC Transportation Recommendations.] 2010.</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Modernizing Vehicles===</div></td></tr>
</table>Amillerhttps://www.transitwiki.org/TransitWiki/index.php?title=Air_quality&diff=1041&oldid=prevAmiller at 16:16, 20 August 20122012-08-20T16:16:38Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:16, 20 August 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_Guide.pdf|“Transportation, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gases: A Bay Area Resource Guide.”]] 2009.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Metropolitan Transportation Commission. [[media:MTC_Guide.pdf|“Transportation, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gases: A Bay Area Resource Guide.”]] 2009.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>: This guide reviews a wide range of strategies for meeting California’s greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next couple decades. The guide evaluates strategies based on how well they will be able to reduce emissions, as well as how cost-effective they are. Increasing ridership on public transit, facilitating biking and walking, and changing travel behavior are all included as components of the overall plan to reduce California’s emissions.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Public Health]]</ins></div></td></tr>
</table>Amiller